The Placenta is said to be retained when placenta or its membranes remain in the uterus and not expelled out even 30 minutes after the birth of the baby.
Retained Placenta: Causes, Symptoms and Treatment
What are the indications of episiotomy?
Episiotomy is usually done to enlarge the vaginal opening so as to facilitate easy and safe delivery of the foetus; to minimize overstretching of the perineal muscles.
Lochia or Vaginal discharge in Postpartum Mother
During vaginal delivery, average amount of blood loss is about 500ml; vaginal discharge for the first 5-6 days in postpartum mother is estimated to be 250 ml.
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